NgoJulayi 26, uRhulumente waseJamani wamkela inguqulelo entsha yeSicwangciso seSizwe saMandla eHydrogen, enethemba lokukhawulezisa uphuhliso loqoqosho lwe-hydrogen yaseJamani ukuze luncede lufezekise injongo yalo yokungathathi hlangothi kwemozulu ye-2045.
IJamani ifuna ukwandisa ukuthembela kwayo kwi-hydrogen njengomthombo wamandla wexesha elizayo ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse evela kumacandelo amashishini angcolisa kakhulu njengentsimbi kunye neekhemikhali, kunye nokunciphisa ukuthembela kumafutha avela kumazwe angaphandle.Kwiminyaka emithathu eyadlulayo, ngoJuni ka-2020, iJamani yakhupha isicwangciso sayo samandla e-hydrogen okokuqala ngqa.
Ithagethi ye-hydrogen eluhlaza iphindwe kabini
Uguqulelo olutsha lokukhutshwa kwesicwangciso luhlaziyo olongezelelweyo lwesicwangciso sokuqala, ngokukodwa kubandakanywa uphuhliso olukhawulezileyo loqoqosho lwe-hydrogen, onke amacandelo aya kuba nokufikelela ngokulinganayo kwimarike ye-hydrogen, yonke i-hydrogen-friendly friendly ithathelwa ingqalelo, ukwanda ngokukhawuleza. izibonelelo ze-hydrogen, intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe Uphuhliso olongezelelweyo, njl. njl., ukuphuhlisa isakhelo sesenzo sokuveliswa kwamandla e-hydrogen, uthutho, usetyenziso kunye neemarike.
I-hydrogen eluhlaza, eveliswa ngemithombo yamandla ehlaziyekayo efana nelanga nomoya, ngumqolo wezicwangciso zaseJamani zokuzikhulula kumafutha efosili kwixesha elizayo.Xa kuthelekiswa nenjongo ecetywayo kwiminyaka emithathu edlulileyo, urhulumente waseJamani uye waphinda kabini ukujoliswa kwamandla okuvelisa i-hydrogen eluhlaza kwisicwangciso esitsha.Isicwangciso sikhankanya ukuba ngo-2030, amandla okuvelisa i-hydrogen eluhlaza yaseJamani aya kufikelela kwi-10GW kwaye enze ilizwe libe "yisityalo samandla e-hydrogen".umboneleli okhokelayo wetekhnoloji”.
Ngokwezibikezelo, ngo-2030, imfuno ye-hydrogen yaseJamani iya kuba phezulu njenge-130 TWh.Le mfuno inokuba phezulu ukuya kuma-600 TWh ngo-2045 ukuba iJamani iza kungathathi hlangothi kwimozulu.
Ngoko ke, nokuba i-electrolysis yamanzi ekujoliswe kuyo inyuswe ukuya kutsho kwi-10GW ngo-2030, i-50% ukuya kwi-70% yemfuno ye-hydrogen yaseJamani isaza kuhlangatyezwa ngokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe, kwaye lo mlinganiso uya kuqhubeka nokunyuka kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo.
Ngenxa yoko, urhulumente waseJamani uthi usebenza kwisicwangciso esahlukileyo sokungenisa i-hydrogen.Ukongeza, kucetywa ukwakha uthungelwano lwemibhobho yamandla e-hydrogen malunga neekhilomitha ezili-1,800 eJamani kwangoko ngo-2027-2028 ngolwakhiwo olutsha okanye ukulungiswa.
"Utyalo-mali kwi-hydrogen kutyalomali kwikamva lethu, ekukhuselweni kwemozulu, kumsebenzi wezobugcisa kunye nokhuseleko lokunikezelwa kwamandla," watsho uSekela-Chancellor waseJamani kunye noMphathiswa wezoQoqosho uHabeck.
Qhubeka uxhasa i-hydrogen eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Ngaphantsi kwesicwangciso esihlaziyiweyo, urhulumente waseJamani ufuna ukukhawuleza ukuphuhliswa kweemarike ze-hydrogen kwaye "ngokuphawulekayo ukuphakamisa umgangatho wexabiso lonke".Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, inkxaso-mali yenkxaso karhulumente inqunyelwe kwi-hydrogen eluhlaza, kwaye injongo ihlala "ukufezekisa ukunikezelwa okuthembekileyo kwe-hydrogen eluhlaza, ezinzileyo eJamani".
Ukongeza kwimilinganiselo yokukhawulezisa uphuhliso lweemarike kwiindawo ezininzi (ukuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa kwe-hydrogen eyaneleyo ngo-2030, ukwakha iziseko eziqinileyo ze-hydrogen kunye nezicelo, ukudala iimeko zesikhokelo esisebenzayo), izigqibo ezitsha ezifanelekileyo nazo zichaphazela inkxaso yelizwe kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo ze-hydrogen.
Nangona inkxaso yemali ngokuthe ngqo yamandla e-hydrogen ecetywayo kwisicwangciso esitsha inqunyelwe ukuveliswa kwe-hydrogen eluhlaza, ukusetyenziswa kwe-hydrogen eveliswa kumafutha e-fossil (ebizwa ngokuba yi-blue hydrogen), apho ukukhutshwa kwe-carbon dioxide kubanjwe kwaye kugcinwe, kunokufumana kwakhona. inkxaso karhulumente..
Njengoko isicwangciso sisitsho, i-hydrogen ekweminye imibala nayo kufuneka isetyenziswe de kubekho i-hydrogen eluhlaza eyaneleyo.Kwimeko yengxabano yaseRashiya-Ukraine kunye nengxaki yamandla, injongo yokhuseleko lokubonelela sele ibaluleke ngakumbi.
I-Hydrogen eveliswe kumbane ohlaziyekayo iya ibonwa njengeyeza kumacandelo afana noshishino olunzima kunye nokuhamba ngeenqwelomoya kunye nezinto ezikhutshwayo ezinenkani kumlo ochasene nokutshintsha kwemozulu.Ikwabonwa njengendlela yokuqinisa isixokelelwano sombane ngezityalo ze-hydrogen njenge-backup ngexesha lokuvelisa okuphantsi okunokuhlaziywa.
Ukongeza kwimpikiswano malunga nokuba ukuxhasa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zemveliso ye-hydrogen, intsimi yezicelo zamandla e-hydrogen nayo ibe yingqwalasela yeengxoxo.Isicwangciso esihlaziyiweyo se-hydrogen sithi ukusetyenziswa kwe-hydrogen kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesicelo akufanele kuthintelwe.
Nangona kunjalo, inkxaso-mali yesizwe kufuneka igxininise kwiindawo apho ukusetyenziswa kwe-hydrogen "kufunwa ngokupheleleyo okanye akukho ndlela".Isicwangciso samandla e-hydrogen yesizwe saseJamani sithathela ingqalelo ukwenzeka kokusetyenziswa kwe-hydrogen eluhlaza.Ingqwalasela kukudityaniswa kwecandelo kunye nokuguqulwa kwamashishini, kodwa urhulumente waseJamani ukwaxhasa ukusetyenziswa kwe-hydrogen kwicandelo lezothutho kwixesha elizayo.I-hydrogen eluhlaza inamandla amakhulu kwishishini, kwamanye amacandelo e-hard-to-decarbonize afana neenqwelomoya kunye nezothutho zaselwandle, kwaye njengesondlo seenkqubo zemichiza.
Esi sicwangciso-qhinga sichaza ukuba ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokukhawulezisa ukwandiswa kwamandla ahlaziyekayo kubalulekile ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neenjongo zemozulu zaseJamani.Kwakhona kugxininise ukuba ukusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngqo kombane ohlaziyekayo kukhethwa kwiimeko ezininzi, ezifana neenqwelo zombane okanye iimpompo zokushisa, ngenxa yelahleko ephantsi yokuguqulwa xa kuthelekiswa nokusebenzisa i-hydrogen.
Ukuthutha ezindleleni, i-hydrogen inokusetyenziswa kuphela kwiimoto zorhwebo ezinzima, ngelixa ukufudumala kuya kusetyenziswa "kwiimeko ezizimeleyo," watsho urhulumente waseJamani.
Olu hlaziyo lunobuchule lubonisa ukuzimisela kweJamani kunye nomnqweno wokuphuhlisa amandla e-hydrogen.Isicwangciso sichaza ngokucacileyo ukuba nge-2030, iJamani iya kuba "ngumthengisi omkhulu weteknoloji ye-hydrogen" kwaye imisele isakhelo sophuhliso kwishishini lamandla e-hydrogen kumanqanaba aseYurophu nakwamanye amazwe, njengeenkqubo zeLayisensi, imigangatho edibeneyo kunye neenkqubo zokuqinisekisa, njl.
Iingcali zamandla aseJamani zathi amandla e-hydrogen aseyinxalenye elahlekileyo yenguqu yangoku yamandla.Ayinakungahoywa ukuba inika ithuba lokudibanisa ukhuseleko lwamandla, ukungathathi hlangothi kwemozulu kunye nokukhuphisana okuphuculweyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Aug-08-2023
