I-Arhente yaMandla yeHlabathi: Ihlabathi kufuneka longeze okanye liphucule iigridi zamandla ezingama-80 ezigidi zeekhilomitha

I-International Energy Agency isandula ukukhupha ingxelo ekhethekileyo ethi ukuze kufezekiswe onke amazwe'Ngenxa yeenjongo zemozulu kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwamandla, ihlabathi kuya kufuneka longeze okanye litshintshe iikhilomitha ezingama-80 ezigidi zeegridi zamandla ngo-2040 (ezilingana nenani lilonke lazo zonke iigridi zamandla ezikhoyo kwihlabathi). Yenza utshintsho olukhulu kwiindlela zokubeka esweni.

Ingxelo ethi, “iiGridi zamandla kunye noTshintsho oluKhuselekileyo lwaMandla,” ijonga imeko yangoku yeegridi zamandla zehlabathi okokuqala kwaye ikhomba ukuba iigridi zamandla zibalulekile ekususeni igesi engcolileyo kwiimveliso zombane kunye nokudibanisa ngempumelelo amandla ahlaziyekayo. Ingxelo ilumkisa ukuba nangona kukho imfuneko enkulu yombane, utyalo-mali kwiigridi luye lwehla kumazwe asakhasayo nasaphuhlayo ngaphandle kweTshayina kwiminyaka yakutshanje; iigridi okwangoku “azikwazi ukuhambisana” nokuthunyelwa ngokukhawuleza kwezithuthi zelanga, zomoya, zombane kunye neepompo zobushushu.

Ngokuphathelele iziphumo zokungaphumeleli komlinganiselo wotyalo-mali kwigridi kunye nesantya esicothayo sohlaziyo lolawulo lwegridi, ingxelo ibonise ukuba kwimeko yokulibaziseka kwegridi, icandelo lamandla'Ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni diokside okongeziweyo ukususela ngo-2030 ukuya ku-2050 kuya kuba ngaphezulu ngeetoni ezingama-58 zeebhiliyoni kunokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni diokside okuthembisiweyo. Oku kulingana nokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni diokside iyonke evela kushishino lwamandla lwehlabathi kwiminyaka emine edlulileyo, kwaye kukho ithuba lama-40% lokuba amaqondo obushushu ehlabathi aya kunyuka ngaphezulu kwama-2 degrees Celsius.

Nangona utyalo-mali kumandla avuselelekayo lukhula ngokukhawuleza, phantse luphindwe kabini ukusukela ngo-2010, utyalo-mali olupheleleyo lwegridi yehlabathi aluzange lunciphe, luhlala malunga ne-$300 yeebhiliyoni ngonyaka, itsho ingxelo. Ngo-2030, le mali kufuneka iphindwe kabini iye ngaphezulu kwe-$600 yeebhiliyoni ngonyaka ukuze kufezekiswe iinjongo zemozulu.

Ingxelo ibonisa ukuba kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo, ukuze kufezekiswe iinjongo zamandla kunye nemozulu zamazwe ahlukeneyo, ukusetyenziswa kombane kwihlabathi liphela kufuneka kukhule nge-20% ngokukhawuleza kuneshumi leminyaka elidlulileyo. Ubuncinane ii-gigawatts ezingama-3,000 zeeprojekthi zamandla avuselelekayo okwangoku zicwangcisiwe zilinde ukudityaniswa kwigridi, okulingana nokuphindwe kahlanu kumthamo omtsha we-photovoltaic yelanga kunye namandla omoya ongezelelweyo ngo-2022. Oku kubonisa ukuba igridi iya kuba yingxaki ekutshintsheleni kwi-net zero emissions.

I-International Energy Agency ilumkisa ukuba ngaphandle kwengqwalasela engaphezulu kwemigaqo-nkqubo kunye notyalo-mali, ukungoneli kokufikelela kunye nomgangatho weziseko zophuhliso zegridi kungenza iinjongo zemozulu zehlabathi zingafikelelwa kwaye kuphazamise ukhuseleko lwamandla.